Graphic design

Graphic design is a creative process — most often involving a client and a designer and usually completed in conjunction with producers of form (i.e., printers, programmers, signmakers, etc.)
undertaken in order to convey a specific message(or messages) to a targeted audience.

The term "graphic design" can also refer to a number of artistic and professional disciplines
that focus on visual communication and presentation. The field as a whole is also often referred to as Visual Communication or Communication Design.

Various methods are used to create and combine words, symbols, and images to create a visual representation of ideas and messages.A graphic designer may use typography,
visual arts and page layout techniques to produce the final result.
Graphic design often refers to both the process (designing) by which the communication is created and the products (designs) which are generated.

Common uses of graphic design include identity (logos and branding), web sites, publications (magazines, newspapers, and books), advertisements and product packaging.For example, a product package might include a logo or other artwork, organized text and pure design elements such
as shapes and color which unify the piece. Composition is one of the most important features of graphic design, especially when using pre-existing materials or diverse elements.

Main article: History of graphic design

While Graphic Design as a discipline has a relatively recent history, with the name 'graphic design" first coined by William Addison Dwiggins in 1922 [2], graphic design-like activities span the history of humankind: from the caves of Lascaux, to Rome's Trajan's Column to the illuminated manuscripts of the Middle Ages, to the dazzling neons of Ginza. In both this lengthy history and in the relatively recent explosion of visual communication in the 20th and 21st centuries, there is sometimes a blurring distinction and over-lapping of advertising art, graphic design and fine art. After all, they share many of the same elements, theories, principles, practices and languages, and sometimes the same benefactor or client. In advertising art the ultimate objective is the sale of goods and services. In graphic design, "the essence is to give order to information, form to ideas, expression and feeling to artifacts that document human experience.